OPM 1 · Stanford · 1 of 3 in Negotiation & influence

Map interests and negotiate the whole package

Differences in priorities can create useful trades across price, timing, scope and other terms.

01 · The picture

Differences in priorities can create useful trades across price, timing, scope and other terms.

Follow the decisions
  1. 01Interests and constraints
  2. 02Different priorities
  3. 03Package of terms
  4. 04Compare alternatives

02 · The idea

How I understand it.

Before negotiating, list each side's interests, constraints and credible alternatives. Include short-term and long-term priorities. Rank the issues that matter to you, then explore what the other party values. Price, timing, duration, scope and payment arrangements can carry different importance for each side. These differences may support a package that creates more value than bargaining over one term in isolation. Compare the complete agreement with your best available alternative, including its costs and practicality. Keep your ambition and minimum acceptable outcome clear as the conversation develops. Test assumptions through questions and make unresolved concerns visible. People may also need to explain the deal to colleagues or other stakeholders, so present its reasoning clearly. Record the commitments in enough detail for both sides to understand what they will receive and provide.

03 · A fictional example

Put it into a business.

An events company wants a lower venue price. The venue needs predictable weekday bookings. They explore a series of dates with a booking deadline and agreed cancellation terms. Each side compares the arrangement with its alternatives and checks the operational risks. The resulting discussion covers available capacity, flexibility and certainty alongside the price of a single large event.

04 · Bring it into the room

Which term matters more to the other party than it costs you, and what useful exchange could that make possible?

One decisionOne next actionOne way to check
Where this note comes from

An original explanation drawn from my saved learning material. The worked example is fictional.

  • Harvard OPM · Unit 1Saved learning summary

    Negotiation

    Learning Mindset: Interests, Alternatives, Constraints, Perspective; Leverage
  • StanfordCourse reading or session material

    9135 New recruit HANDOUT 2015

    PDF pages 2–3, 6, 13–15: Structure of Negotiation; Congruent Value; first offers; alternatives

These notes collect my interpretations and applications. The schools and authors retain their original teaching materials.

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